What happened this week in history

Former rugby and Strictly star Ben Cohen celebrates his 38th birthday.

1752 - The Gregorian calendar was adopted in Great Britain; 11 days (September 3 to 13) were lost to history.

1759 - A Journey Through Europe or the Play of Geography went on sale priced 8s (40p). It was the earliest dated English board game.

1868 - The first recorded hole-in-one was scored by Tom Morris.

1886 - The typewriter ribbon was patented by George Anderson.

1891 - The first penalty kick in an English league football match was taken by Joseph Heath of Wolverhampton Wanderers, against Accrington Stanley.

1901 - US President William McKinley died after an assassination attempt on September 6, and was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt.

1917 - Russia was officially proclaimed a republic.

1959 - The Soviet Lunik II became the first spacecraft to land on the Moon.

1960 -The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded.

1961 - The first Mothercare shop opened, in Kingston.

1972 - Pope Paul VI abolished the tonsure - the circular shaving of monks’ heads.

1974 - Giant pandas Chia-Chia and Ching-Ching arrived at London Zoo. In November 1988, Chia-Chia left London to go to a zoo in Mexico.

1975 - The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, was canonized by Pope Paul VI.

1979 - Afghan President Nur Muhammad Taraki was assassinated upon the order of Hafizullah Amin, who became the new president.

1982 - Princess Grace of Monaco (Grace Kelly) died after her car plunged 120ft off a mountain road.

1984 - Joe Kittinger became the first person to fly a gas balloon alone across the Atlantic Ocean.

1997 - Jade Kindar-Martin and Didier Pasquette became the first people to cross the Thames by tightrope simultaneously. They started from opposite ends of the same rope, stretched from Victoria embankment to the Oxo Tower.